451. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Deming’s philosophy?
It is based on improving products and services by reducing uncertainty and variability in the design and manufacturing processes
Quality is either or not present in the whole organization; that quality is the responsibility of everyone in the organization
Increasing conformance to specifications through elimination of defects, supported extensively by statistical tools for analysis
Increasing loss, for the producer, the customer, and society, associated with increasing variability from a target value
Correct answer: (B) Quality is either or not present in the whole organization; that quality is the responsibility of everyone in the organization
452. Nonconformance is an expense of:
Profit of quality
Defects of quality
Quality of product
Cost of quality
Correct answer: (D) Cost of quality
453. Best price or zero cost is
To keep defective products aside, ensuring they
do not reach the customers
Prerogative cost
To count, grade, and rework
Cost leadership
Correct answer: (C) Prerogative cost
454. The concept that it is easier and less costly to do the work right the first time is called:
Zero defects
Continuous improvement
DTRTRTFT
The customer is the next person in the process
Correct answer: (C) DTRTRTFT
455. Which of the following statements concerning acceptance sampling is false?
Used when expensive and time-consuming to test the product 100%.
The number of allowable defects before lot is rejected is predetermined.
Inspection and test standards must be established to ensure that procedures can adequately determine conformance and nonconformance.
If the number of defects found in the sample exceeds the predetermined amount, the entire lot is rejected.
All of the above are true
Correct answer: (E) All of the above are true
456. Japanese quality control has improved dramatically in the last 30 years for all of the following reasons except:
The use of quality control circles
Small, continuous improvements in quality control
The use of worker suggestion systems
The use of quality control charts
Focusing quality control efforts on production output
Correct answer: (E) Focusing quality control efforts on production output
457. Quality attributes
are used to determine how effectively the organization accomplishes its goals
can be objective or subjective in nature
are specific quality characteristics for which a product is designed, built, and tested
A and B
B and C
Correct answer: (E) B and C
458. When a product or service completely meets a customer's requirements:
quality is achieved
cost of quality is high
cost of quality is low
the customer pays the minimum price
A and B
Correct answer: (A) quality is achieved
459. The concept that states: "the optimal quality level is reached at the point where the incremental revenue from product improvement equals the incremental cost to secure it" comes from:
quality control analysis
marginal analysis
standard quality analysis
conformance analysis
systems analysis
Correct answer: (B) marginal analysis
460. An assignable variance tells us:
our equipment is becoming obsolete
top management should initiate increased worker training
there is an identifiable problem that must be fixed
schedule variances will be reduced
our use of quality circles is inadequate
Correct answer: (C) there is an identifiable problem that must be fixed