461. A fundamental tenet of modern quality management holds that quality is most likely to be achieved:
by planning it into the project
by developing careful mechanisms to inspect for quality
by developing prestigious products and processes
by striving to do the best job possible
by conducting quality circle activities
Correct answer: (A) by planning it into the project
462. Which of the following is least likely to contribute to developing an effective project team supportive of quality?
Commitment to the project
Team member flexibility
Frequent turnover of personnel
Team interest in workmanship
Clearly defined goals
Correct answer: (C) Frequent turnover of personnel
463. Quality management is defined as the process of ensuring that a project meets the ______________ of the project's clients, participants, and shareholders.
specifications and statements of work
legal and financial obligations
expectations and desires
needs and expectations
legal and moral requirements
Correct answer: (D) needs and expectations
464. Statistical Process Control is used in quality programs to determine whether repetitive operations meet predictable standards. The process uses ______________ to permit accurate monitoring of the operation.
100 percent inspection and random rejection
acceptance sampling and automatic rejection
continuous sampling and error detection methods
random sampling and corrective procedures
statistical sampling and control procedures
Correct answer: (E) statistical sampling and control procedures
465. The cost of quality is needed to identify opportunities for improvement. The cost of quality is, therefore, defined as the dollar value associated with ______________.
producing a product that meets the requirement
nonconformance to the requirement
any cost for quality personnel and tools
any extra cost to hire a quality consultant
all extra efforts to implement a quality program
Correct answer: (B) nonconformance to the requirement
466. In many projects, the end product is a "service" that does not have physical characteristics and attributes to be measured to ensure conformance to the requirement. When service is the end product of a project, measurements ______________.
do not apply to the service, but the criterion is pass or fail
are always artificial and present only false indications of progress
can be established based on customer expectations and the responsibility assigned to individuals
are not applicable if the service is to an internal function of the project
relate only to the actual expenditures of funds or receipt or revenues
Correct answer: (C) can be established based on customer expectations and the responsibility assigned to individuals
467. Quality control methods extend beyond the external characteristics of the product or components of the product. The types of testing of the product or components include ______________.
operator, maintainer, and environmental
stress, destructive, and operating
in-house, public, and private
laboratory, destructive, and non-destructive
laboratory, fabrication, and product
Correct answer: (C) in-house, public, and private
468. In the area of quality, project managers are struggling with the training and indoctrination of individuals in the need to do the work right the first time to conform to the requirement. Occasionally, the project manager will discover an individual, either in the planning or actual work, doing more than is called for in the specification. These individuals need training to reduce the level of "over building" because ______________.
the extra value given to the customer is not recognized or needed to complete the project
the increase to the system specifications place that portion out of balance with the other system components
it leads to increased customer requirements for other parts of the system
exceeding the specified requirement is asting time and money at no value added to the project
the project must be reworked in other areas to increase the level of "goodness" to the same as the "over build"
Correct answer: (D) exceeding the specified requirement is asting time and money at no value added to the project
469. Which of the following models value stability?
Organism model
Mechanistic model
Cultural model
Total Quality model
Correct answer: (B) Mechanistic model
470. Reworking ______________ the cost of quality.