Total Quality Management

451. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Deming’s philosophy?

  1. It is based on improving products and services by reducing uncertainty and variability in the design and manufacturing processes
  2. Quality is either or not present in the whole organization; that quality is the responsibility of everyone in the organization
  3. Increasing conformance to specifications through elimination of defects, supported extensively by statistical tools for analysis
  4. Increasing loss, for the producer, the customer, and society, associated with increasing variability from a target value
Correct answer: (B)
Quality is either or not present in the whole organization; that quality is the responsibility of everyone in the organization

452. Nonconformance is an expense of:

  1. Profit of quality
  2. Defects of quality
  3. Quality of product
  4. Cost of quality
Correct answer: (D)
Cost of quality

453. Best price or zero cost is

  1. To keep defective products aside, ensuring they
  2. do not reach the customers
  3. Prerogative cost
  4. To count, grade, and rework
  5. Cost leadership
Correct answer: (C)
Prerogative cost

454. The concept that it is easier and less costly to do the work right the first time is called:

  1. Zero defects
  2. Continuous improvement
  3. DTRTRTFT
  4. The customer is the next person in the process
Correct answer: (C)
DTRTRTFT

455. Which of the following statements concerning acceptance sampling is false?

  1. Used when expensive and time-consuming to test the product 100%.
  2. The number of allowable defects before lot is rejected is predetermined.
  3. Inspection and test standards must be established to ensure that procedures can adequately determine conformance and nonconformance.
  4. If the number of defects found in the sample exceeds the predetermined amount, the entire lot is rejected.
  5. All of the above are true
Correct answer: (E)
All of the above are true

456. Japanese quality control has improved dramatically in the last 30 years for all of the following reasons except:

  1. The use of quality control circles
  2. Small, continuous improvements in quality control
  3. The use of worker suggestion systems
  4. The use of quality control charts
  5. Focusing quality control efforts on production output
Correct answer: (E)
Focusing quality control efforts on production output

457. Quality attributes

  1. are used to determine how effectively the organization accomplishes its goals
  2. can be objective or subjective in nature
  3. are specific quality characteristics for which a product is designed, built, and tested
  4. A and B
  5. B and C
Correct answer: (E)
B and C

458. When a product or service completely meets a customer's requirements:

  1. quality is achieved
  2. cost of quality is high
  3. cost of quality is low
  4. the customer pays the minimum price
  5. A and B
Correct answer: (A)
quality is achieved

459. The concept that states: "the optimal quality level is reached at the point where the incremental revenue from product improvement equals the incremental cost to secure it" comes from:

  1. quality control analysis
  2. marginal analysis
  3. standard quality analysis
  4. conformance analysis
  5. systems analysis
Correct answer: (B)
marginal analysis

460. An assignable variance tells us:

  1. our equipment is becoming obsolete
  2. top management should initiate increased worker training
  3. there is an identifiable problem that must be fixed
  4. schedule variances will be reduced
  5. our use of quality circles is inadequate
Correct answer: (C)
there is an identifiable problem that must be fixed
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